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Estado: Publicado
Ayuda exterior para la reforma del sector judicial (2000)
Introducción
El presente informe examina los factores que determinan el éxito de los programas de asistencia y analiza los programas del sector justicia a partir de una serie de entrevistas que se realizaron a los beneficiarios en cuatro países diferentes. La información recabada indica que dicha asistencia ha contribuido con el desarrollo constitucional y las reformas legislativas, ha fortalecido los sistemas de justicia, ha presentado los conceptos de los derechos humanos al público en general y los ha introducido en instituciones públicas de sociedades en las que dichos conceptos solían ser considerados subversivos. Asimismo, los programas que han sido concebidos y ejecutados de manera equivocada han contribuido a proteger a los regímenes represivos del escrutinio, a derrochar recursos vitales y a distorsionar las instituciones nacionales. Algunas veces, los donantes fomentan modelos inadecuados de ayuda y dan prioridad a los intereses de su política exterior por encima de los derechos humanos. Por lo tanto, los donantes pueden resultar socios no confiables cuando se enfocan en soluciones rápidas y prestan demasiada atención a las “estrategias de salida”.
El informe señala que el éxito de los programas de asistencia depende de muchos factores y se hacen recomendaciones que pueden resultar de gran utilidad tanto para los donantes como para los beneficiarios que buscan formas de fortalecer el impacto de la asistencia en el ámbito de los derechos humanos.
Equipo de investigación
La información biográfica que se presenta a continuación corresponde al período durante el cual se realizó la investigación
Director de investigación
David Petrasek, Director de Investigación, CIEDH, 1998-2002. Para obtener mayor información sobre este proyecto, comuníquese con Fairouz El Tom, Oficial de Investigación y Publicaciones, CIEDH.
Investigador principal
Craig Mokhiber, escribió el presente informe mientras se encontraba gozando de un período sabático de su cargo en la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos. Es un jurista internacional especializado en derechos humanos que tiene amplia experiencia en la creación y ejecución de programas de asistencia para los derechos humanos. Ha escrito varios libros de referencias sobre derechos humanos y manuales para las Naciones Unidas. Asimismo, ha tenido a su cargo misiones de las Naciones Unidas en varios países relacionadas con asesoría, capacitación y valoración de necesidades de derechos humanos. De 1996 a 1998 fungió como asesor jurídico del Coordinador Especial de las Naciones Unidas en los Territorios Ocupados. Una de las principales tareas en ese cargo consistió en coordinar la asistencia para los derechos humanos ante la Autoridad Nacional Palestina. Antes de trabajar con las Naciones Unidas, se desempeñó como abogado en Nueva York y como activista de varias organizaciones no gubernamentales.
Investigadores
Frank Frank La Rue, fundador y Director Ejecutivo del Centro para la Acción Legal en Derechos Humanos (CALDH).
Krassimir Kanev, Director, Bulgarian Helsinki Committee.
Corlett Letlojane, Africa Affairs Consultancy.
Thun Saray, Director, Cambodian Human Rights and Development Association (ADHOC).
Consejeros
Niels Dabelstein, Jefe, Evaluation Secretariat, DANIDA, Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de Dinamarca.
Patricia Feeney, Conseillère politique principale, Oxfam.
Marcia Kran, Profesora Adjunta de Derecho, University of British Columbia.
Daniel Ravindran, fundador, Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development (Forum-Asia).
Justice E. M. Singini, Juez, Tribunal Superior de Malawi.
Renate Weber, Co-Presidente, Romanian Helsinki Committee, y Directora del Instituto del Open Society Institute de Rumanía.
Documentos
Donantes
Enlaces
Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE)
Canadian International Development Agency
Comisión Internacional de Juristas (CIJ)
Danish International Development Assistance (DANIDA)
Department for International Development (DFID)
Human Rights Watch - Prisiones
Iniciativa Pro-Justicia de la Sociedad Abierta
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) - Gobernabilidad democrática
Swedish Agency for International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)
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“Un estudio sumamente interesante que nos plantea el desafío de adoptar un enfoque holístico en nuestros programas.” Mary Ndlovu , Legal Resources Foundation, Zimbabwe
“Un excelente informe. Espero que tanto los donantes como los beneficiarios le presten la atención que merece.” Rick Messick, Banco Mundial